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Genotypic variation, heritability , genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients of grain yield, its components and some morpho- physiological characters in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
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Abstract: (3852 Views) |
| In this study a field experiment was conducted in 1997-98 at two locations (Kooshkak and Bajgah). Twenty five bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were studied in a randomized complete block design with replications in each location. Agronomic and physiological traits were measured in five developmental stages [tillering (S1), stem elongation (S2), spike emergence (S3), dough stage (S4) and maturity (S5)]. The significant traits were distinguished and their genotypic correlation coefficient with grain yield, heritability, genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation were determined. Number of spikelet per main spike and spike to main stem dry weight ratio ( at S3) had the highest (h2= 80.14%) and the lowest (h2=1.05%) heritability, respectively. The heritability of grain yield was estimated 21.54%. Most of the measured traits had significant genotypic coefficient of variation. Grain yield had significantly positive genotypic correlation coefficient, with spike to stem dry weight ratio of main stem at S5, number of grains per main spike, number of spikelet per main spike, spike to stem dry weight ratio of tillers at S5, number of kernels per tiller, number of spikelet per tiller, number of spike per square meter, harvest index, number of tiller per plant, stem diameter (1st. internode), stem diameter (2nd internode), culm density, spike length, including awns net assimilation rate at third sampling (NAR3 ), leaf area duration at third sampling (LAD3) and leaf area duration at fourth sampling (LAD4) and had significantly negative correlation, with 100 grain weight, plant height, percentage of infertile tillers, spike length, without awns crop growth rate at second sampling (CGR2), net assimilation rate at second sampling (NAR2), and relative growth rate at second sampling RGR2. Overall, increasing grain yield through indirect selection, is effective. In this experiment the most important traits for increasing grain yield were number of grains per main and tiller stems, number of spikelet per spike, stem diameter and culum density. It was also determined that decreasing in plant height and percentage of infertile tillers could be suitable for improuing grain yield. Among physiological indices, NAR3, LAD3 and LAD4 were the most effective criteria for increasing grain yield. |
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| Keywords: Wheat, Grain yield, Morphological traits, Physiological indices, Genotypic correlation coefficient, Heritability. |
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Full-Text [PDF 256 kb]
(2744 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Scientific & Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2015/03/2 | Accepted: 2015/03/2 | Published: 2015/03/2
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