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Comparison of seed cotton yield and fiber quality of Iranian and introduced medium warp cotton (Gossypium hirustum L.) cultivars
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Hadi Nejatnejad   , Aidin Hamidi , Mohammad Mahdi Rahimi , Mehdi Hosseinifarahi , Abdolsamad Kelidari |
| Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran |
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Abstract: (684 Views) |
Introduction: Improved cultivars of crops are the most important factor in optimizing yield and quality of the products. Cotton is one of the most important industrial crops and enhancement of seed cotton yield, fiber quality as well earliness are among the objectives of new cotton cultivars development. Despite of the improvement and introduction of new cotton cultivars in Iran in recent years, new introducd cotton cultivars have also been registered, introduced and commercialized in the country. Therefore, the cultivation of new introduced cotton cultivars that are early maturity, high-yielding with good fiber quality has been included in the cotton production plan of the Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture of Iran. This experiment was carried out to evaluate and compare the seed cotton yield and its components, fiber quality characteristics as well as earliness of some new introduced and Iranian upland cotton cultivars.
Materials and Methods: To evaluate and compare the seed cotton yield, fiber quality and earliness of introduced and Iranian new upland cotton cultivars field experiments were conducted in two consequent growing seasons 2019-20 and 2020-21 in three provinces Ardabil (Moghan), South Khorasan (Birjand) and Fars (Darab) using randomized complete block design with four replications. Nine cotton cultivars including six introduced cultivars; Agn112, Agn117, Agn126, Speria, Tesla and Lodos and three Iranian cotton cultivars; Shayan, Armaghan and Golestan (control) were evaluated. Seed cotton yield and its components, boll number, boll weight, and fiber quality characters including fibers fineness, length, uniformity, strength, elongation, reflectance, yellowness and gin turn out as well as earliness was determined (ays from planting to the opening of 60% of bolls of each plot).
Results: Combined analysis of variance showed that the seed cotton yield and fiber quality were affected by cultivar, year and location at the 1% probability level. The highest seed cotton yield (4189.9 kg.ha-1), fiber fineness (4.73 micronair) and fiber strength (33.4 g.tex-1), earliness (116.5 days) and the lowest yellowness (7.98) belonged to the cv. Agn117. Seed cotton yield had positive and significant correlation with the number of bolls (r = 0.91***) and fiber fineness (r = 0.80**) and negative and significant correlation with fiber yellowness (r= -0.87**). Comparison of introduced and Iranian cultivars showed that introduced cultivars had higher mean seed cotton yield and boll number, and was late maturity as well as more gin turn out than Iranian cultivars. Cluster and biplot analysis results showed cv. Agn117 as the superior cultivar.
Conclusion: Boll weight and number, earliness, gin turn out and fiber fineness were identified as determinant traits for improvement of seed cotton yield and fiber quality. These traits can be used for evaluation and selection of new improved cotton cultivars. Also, based on the results of this experiment the cv. Agn117 can be a suitable substitute for Iranian cotton cultivars in cotton growing areas in Iran.
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| Keywords: Cluster analysis, Cotton, Earliness, Fiber fineness and Seed cotton yield |
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Full-Text [PDF 719 kb]
(176 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Scientific & Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2023/06/18 | Accepted: 2024/06/11 | Published: 2024/07/31
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