fa اثر بستر نشاکاری بر عملکرد دانه و اجزای عملکرد ارقام برنج (.Oryza sativa L) هیبرید در خوزستان تخصصي Special پژوهشي Scientific & Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">به&shy; منظور ارزیابی ارقام جدید برنج هیبرید در بسترهای نشاکاری، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت&shy;های خرد شده در قالبطرح پایه بلوک&shy;های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در دو سال 1400 و 1401 در ایستگاه</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">تحقیقات</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">کشاورزی</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">شاوور خوزستان اجرا شد.تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل نشاکاری در دو نوع بستر مرطوب و بستر خشک (کرت‌های اصلی) و هفت رقم برنج هیبرید (</span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">L66S, F168S, Quan2, XinerPS, Hs&ndash;3, Shen51S, Hui34S</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">) (کرت‌های فرعی) بودند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس مرکب داده‌ها نشان داد که برهمکنش سال در بستر کاشت در رقم بر طول دوره رشد، ارتفاع بوته، شاخص سطح برگ، تعداد پنجه‌ها، درصد باروری خوشه، عملکرد دانه و اجزای عملکرد دانه و زیست توده معنی‌دار بود. بستر کاشت مرطوب از نظر ارتفاع بوته، شاخص سطح برگ، تعداد پنجه‌ها، درصد باروری خوشه، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه و زیست توده نسبت به بستر خشک برتری داشت. ارقام هیبرید </span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Quan2S</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"> و</span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> Hui34S</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">نیز برتر از سایر ارقام بودند. در سال اول در بستر کاشت مرطوب، ارقام </span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Quan2S</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Hui34S</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"> به‌ترتیب دارای بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (84/3 و 81 سانتی‌متر)، شاخص سطح برگ (4/38و 4/2)، تعداد دانه در خوشه (189 و 160 عدد) و وزن هزار دانه (24/4و 25/8گرم) بودند، اما در سال دوم تفاوت معنی‌داری با یکدیگر نداشتند. ارقام </span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Quan2S</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Hui34S</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"> در بستر کاشت مرطوب دارای بیشترین عملکرد دانه (به&shy;ترتیب 5200 و 4675 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و زیست توده (به&shy;ترتیب 12380 و 10142 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بودند.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">براساس نتایج تجزیه خوشه‌ای، هفت رقم برنج هیبرید در سه گروه قرار گرفتند. گروه اول شامل ارقام </span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">XinerPS</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">L66S</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">F168S</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">، گروه دوم شامل ارقام </span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Hs&ndash;3</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Shen51S</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"> و گروه سوم شامل ارقام </span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Quan2S</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span bold="" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Hui34S</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"> بودند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که اگرچه سازگاری ارقام برنج هیبرید مورد ارزیابی با شرایط اقلیمی محل اجرای آزمایش پایین بود، ولی بیشترین&nbsp; عملکرد دانه آنها در شرایط نشاکاری در بستر مرطوب بدست آمد. </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> <br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.0pt"><span style="tab-stops:right -.05pt 21.2pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Introduction: </span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">One of the important goals of rice breeding programs is to develop new high yielding cultivars with high quality properties as well as desirable agronomic traits. Introducing of such cultivars and adoption them by farmers will lead to increased production. This experiment evaluated new hybrid rice cultivars under different transplanting bed methods in the Khuzestan climate conditions in Iran.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.0pt"><span style="tab-stops:right -.05pt 21.2pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Materials and Methods:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">The experiment was carried out as split plot arrangements in randomized complete block design with three replications in 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 growing seasons at the Shaawor agricultural research station, Ahvaz, Iran. The main plots were wet and dry transplanting bed methods, and the sub-plots consisted of seven hybrid rice cultivars (L66S, F168S, Quan2, XinerPS, Hs&ndash;3, Shen51S and Hui34S). SPAD value, leaf area index (LAI), number of tillers, growth duration, panicle fertility, plant height, grain yield and yield components and biological yield were measured.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:14.0pt"><span style="tab-stops:right -.05pt 21.2pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Results:</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> <span style="background:white">The results indicated that the SPAD value, leaf area index, number of tillers, growth duration, panicle fertility, plant height, grain yield and yield components and biological yield were significantly affected by the interaction effect of year &times; transplanting bed &times; cultivar. SPAD value, LAI, number of tillers, growth duration, panicle fertility, plant height, yield components and grain yield and biological yield were higher in wet bed transplanting method. Also, Quan2S and Hui34S hybrid cultivars were superior than the remaining five hybrids. in 2021, the </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">tallest </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">plant height (84.3 and 81 cm) and LAI (4.3 and 4.2), the greatest number of grains per panicle (189 and 160), and the weight of 1000 grain weight (24.4 and 25.8 g) were observed in Quan2S and Hui34S cultivars, respectively, in wet bed transplanting method. However, in 2022, most of the studied hybrid rice cultivars did not show significant differences. The highest grain yield (5200 and 4675 kg.ha^-1) and biological yield (12380 and 10143 kg.ha^-1) were obtained from Quan2S and Hui34S hybrid rice cultivars, respectively, in the 2021 and wet bed transplanting.</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> <span style="background:white">The results of cluster analysis showed that seven hybrid rice cultivars were separated into three different groups. The first group comprised XinerPS, L66S, and F168S, the second group included Hs-3 and Shen 51S and third group comprised Quan2S and Hui34S hybrid rice cultivars. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:14.0pt"><span style="tab-stops:right -.05pt 21.2pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Conclusion: </span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">The results of this experiment showed that while the hybrid rice cultivars did not perform successful and are of low adaptability in Khuzestan environmental conditions. The results also indicated that wet bed transplanting method is suitable for Khuzestan environmental conditions and led to higher grain yield of rice hybrid cultivars.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.0pt"><span style="tab-stops:right -.05pt 21.2pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; باروری خوشه, برنج, شاخص سطح برگ, طول دوره رشد و عملکرد زیست توده Biological yield, Growth duration, Leaf area index, Panicle fertility and Rice 377 390 http://agrobreedjournal.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1499-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Niloofar zand vakily نیلوفر زندوکیلی niloofarzand2021@gmail.com 100319475328460010937 100319475328460010937 No Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران Abdolali Gilani عبدالعلی گیلانی Gilanl.abdolali@yahoo.com 100319475328460010938 100319475328460010938 No Field and Horticultural Crops Science Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Khuzestan Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ahvaz, Iran بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات، آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران Mojtaba Alavi Fazel مجتبی علوی فاضل mojtaba_alavifazel@iauahvaz.ac.ir 100319475328460010939 100319475328460010939 Yes Horticulture and Agronomy Sciences Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran گروه علوم باغی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران Shahram Lak شهرام لک sh.lake@yahoo.com 100319475328460010940 100319475328460010940 No Agronomy Department, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran گروه زراعت، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز Mani Mojdam مانی مجدم ManiMojdam@yahoo.com 100319475328460010941 100319475328460010941 No Agronomy Department, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران