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Effect of planting patern and plant density on grain yield and its components in apetalous and petalled rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars
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Abstract: (3884 Views) |
| Apetalous flowers is an important morphological characteristic in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), which cause response to higher planting population, more light transmition in canopy and radiation use efficiency, higher grain yield. In order to evaluate the effects of plant density and planting pattern on grain yield, yield components of apetalous and petalled rapeseed, a field experiment was conducted in Rice Research Institute of Iran, in 2005- 2006 cropping season. The experimental design was arranged in a split plot factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Planting pattern (Rectangular and Square) as the main plots and two rapeseed cultivars (petalled = Hyola 401 and apetalous = Hylite 201) and plant density (33, 67 and 133 plants per square metrer) as subplots, respectively. The number of secondary branch per plant, plant height, number of siliques per plant, number of seeds per silique, silique length, oil percentage, thousand grain weight, harvest index, biological yield and grain yield were measured. Results showed that there were significant differences between treatments in measured traits. The average grain yield in apetalous cultivar was 14.6% higher than the petalled cultivar (3441.95 and 2938.06 Kg/ha, respectively). Plant density of 67 plants per unit area was determined to be the optimum plant density for two cultivars (4870 and 4290 Kg/ha respectively). Grain yield and number of siliques per plant in apetalous rapeseed was significantly higher than the petalled rapeseed (10 and 12%, respectively). This superiority was more evident at higher density (133 plants per unit area) i. e. 17.5 and 15.5%, respectively), indicating that apetalous cultivar has higher capability for higher plant population. In spite of non significant differences between harvest indices, right harvest indices of 4.5 and 11% in apetalous rapeseed in 67 and 133 plant densities, showed its higher capability for assimilate transport to grain. It seems that the main reason of superiority of apetalous rapeseed cultivar may be due to higher radiation use efficiency (RUE) compared to petalled cultivar (2.38 vs. 2.16 g.MJ-1, respectively). |
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| Keywords: Apetaluos, Petalled, Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), Planting pattern, Plant density, Radiation use efficiency (RUE), Grain yield, Grain yield components |
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Full-Text [PDF 4165 kb]
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Type of Study: Scientific & Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2015/02/28 | Accepted: 2015/02/28 | Published: 2015/02/28
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